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Oracle中如何从BasicFile迁移到SecureFile

    我创建了一个新表TRBTKT.SECURE_TICKETS重新定义了原始表TRBTKT.TICKETS的结构，将原始的BasicFile LOB映射到对应的SecureFile LOB，然后执行了一条INSERT INTO … SELECT FROM DML语句将原始表中的内容传输到新表中。

    在一个相对简单的应用程序环境中，这种载入方式足以应付，但目前在数据仓库和商业智能应用程序中广泛地使用了LOB，特别是存储那些包含了复杂商务交易的XML文档和医院信息系统捕获到的医疗影像数据。

    为了便于说明，我使用清单1中的代码重新创建了这两个表，我使用了列表分区对这两个表进行了分区，在清单2中，我使用更大的数据重新载入TRBTKT.TICKETS表。

    清单1 使用列表分区重新创建这两个表以模拟数据仓库环境

    -- 重新创建表TRBTKT.TICKETS，这次包括了一个STATUS列

CREATE TABLE trbtkt.tickets (
tkt_idNUMBER
,description    VARCHAR2(30)
,submit_dtm     TIMESTAMP
,statusVARCHAR2(8)
,document       BLOB
,scrnimg        BLOB
)
LOB(document)   
STORE AS BASICFILE (TABLESPACE basicfiles)
,LOB(scrnimg)    
STORE AS BASICFILE (TABLESPACE basicfiles)
PARTITION BY LIST (status) (
PARTITION sts_open 
VALUES ('OPEN')
,PARTITION sts_pending
VALUES ('PENDING')
,PARTITION sts_closed
VALUES ('CLOSED')
,PARTITION sts_other
VALUES (DEFAULT)
)
;
--注释
COMMENT ON TABLE trbtkt.tickets
IS 'Contains Trouble Ticket transaction data';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.tickets.tkt_id
IS 'Unique identifier for a Trouble Ticket';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.tickets.description
IS 'Trouble Ticket Description';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.tickets.submit_dtm
IS 'Trouble Ticket Submission Time Stamp';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.tickets.status
IS 'Trouble Ticket Status';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.tickets.document
IS 'Large Object (LOB) that contains a Microsoft Word document that provides detailed information about a Trouble Ticket';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.tickets.scrnimg
IS 'Large Object (LOB) that contains a screen print or other image that helps a problem solver identify how to act on a Trouble Ticket';
-- 创建索引和约束
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX trbtkt.tickets_pk_idx
ON trbtkt.tickets(tkt_id)
TABLESPACE users;
ALTER TABLE trbtkt.tickets
ADD CONSTRAINT tickets_pk
PRIMARY KEY (tkt_id);

    --- 创建表TRBTKT.SECURE_TICKETS的一个改良版本，使用分区划分SecureFile LOB的存储，基于STATUS 的值设置合适的保留周期

DROP TABLE trbtkt.secure_tickets PURGE;
CREATE TABLE trbtkt.secure_tickets (
tkt_idNUMBER
,description    VARCHAR2(30)
,submit_dtm     TIMESTAMP
,statusVARCHAR2(8)
,document       BLOB
,scrnimg        BLOB
)
LOB(document)   
STORE AS SECUREFILE (
TABLESPACE securefiles
DISABLE STORAGE IN ROW
CACHE
)
,LOB(scrnimg)    
STORE AS SECUREFILE (
TABLESPACE securefiles
DISABLE STORAGE IN ROW
CACHE READS
)
PARTITION BY LIST (status) (
PARTITION sts_open 
VALUES ('OPEN')
LOB (document) STORE AS SECUREFILE (KEEP_DUPLICATES NOCOMPRESS)
,LOB (scrnimg)  STORE AS SECUREFILE (KEEP_DUPLICATES COMPRESS)
,PARTITION sts_pending
VALUES ('PENDING')
LOB (document) STORE AS SECUREFILE (KEEP_DUPLICATES NOCOMPRESS)
,LOB (scrnimg)  STORE AS SECUREFILE (DEDUPLICATE COMPRESS)
,PARTITION sts_closed
VALUES ('CLOSED')
LOB (document) STORE AS SECUREFILE (DEDUPLICATE COMPRESS)
,LOB (scrnimg)  STORE AS SECUREFILE (DEDUPLICATE COMPRESS HIGH)
,PARTITION sts_other
VALUES (DEFAULT)
LOB (document) STORE AS SECUREFILE (DEDUPLICATE COMPRESS HIGH)
,LOB (scrnimg)  STORE AS SECUREFILE (DEDUPLICATE COMPRESS HIGH)
)
;
--注释
COMMENT ON TABLE trbtkt.secure_tickets
IS 'Contains Trouble Ticket transaction data';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.secure_tickets.tkt_id
IS 'Unique identifier for a Trouble Ticket';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.secure_tickets.description
IS 'Trouble Ticket Description';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.secure_tickets.submit_dtm
IS 'Trouble Ticket Submission Time Stamp';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.secure_tickets.status
IS 'Trouble Ticket Status';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.secure_tickets.document
IS 'Large Object (LOB) that contains a Microsoft Word document that provides detailed information about a Trouble Ticket';
COMMENT ON COLUMN trbtkt.secure_tickets.scrnimg
IS 'Large Object (LOB) that contains a screen print or other image that helps a problem solver identify how to act on a Trouble Ticket';

    清单2 使用附加数据重新载入表TRBTKT.TICKETS 

SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
TRUNCATE TABLE trbtkt.tickets;
BEGIN
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 101
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 101'
,submit_dts => '2008-12-31 23:45:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_101.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 102
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 102'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-04 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_102.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 103
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 103'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-02 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_103.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 104
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 104'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-14 12:30:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_104.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 105
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 105'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-09 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_105.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 106
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 106'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-11 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_106.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 107
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 107'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-16 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_107.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 108
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 108'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-12 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_108.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 109
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 109'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-02 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_109.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 110
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 110'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-14 12:45:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_110.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 201
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 201'
,submit_dts => '2008-12-31 23:45:00'
,status => 'PENDING'
,docFileName => 'New_101.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 202
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 202'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-04 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_102.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 203
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 203'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-02 00:00:00'
,status => 'CLOSED'
,docFileName => 'New_103.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 204
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 204'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-14 12:30:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_104.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 205
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 205'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-09 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_105.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 206
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 206'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-11 00:00:00'
,status => 'PENDING'
,docFileName => 'New_106.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 207
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 207'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-16 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_107.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 208
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 208'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-12 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_108.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 209
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 209'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-02 00:00:00'
,status => 'PENDING'
,docFileName => 'New_109.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 210
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 210'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-14 12:45:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_110.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 301
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 301'
,submit_dts => '2008-12-31 23:45:00'
,status => 'CLOSED'
,docFileName => 'New_101.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 302
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 302'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-04 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_102.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 303
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 303'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-02 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_103.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 304
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 304'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-14 12:30:00'
,status => 'CLOSED'
,docFileName => 'New_104.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 305
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 305'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-09 00:00:00'
,status => 'PENDING'
,docFileName => 'New_105.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 306
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 306'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-11 00:00:00'
,status => 'CLOSED'
,docFileName => 'New_106.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 307
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 307'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-16 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_107.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 308
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 308'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-12 00:00:00'
,status => 'OPEN'
,docFileName => 'New_108.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 309
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 309'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-02 00:00:00'
,status => 'CLOSED'
,docFileName => 'New_109.doc'
,imgFileName => 'Unresolved.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
trbtkt.pkg_securefiles.AddTroubleTicket (
tkt_id => 310
,description => 'Trouble Ticket 310'
,submit_dts => '2009-01-14 12:45:00'
,status => 'CLOSED'
,docFileName => 'New_110.doc'
,imgFileName => 'DBRIssues.jpg?http://www.xvna.com'
);
COMMIT;
END;
/
-- 收集优化器统计信息
BEGIN
DBMS_STATS.GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS(ownname => 'TRBTKT', CASCADE => TRUE);
END;
/
有效地从BasicFile移植到SecureFile

    现在已经将这些表进行了分区，以便在数据仓库环境更有效地使用，我也已经考虑过如何将LOB从BasicFile格式快速有效地转换成对应的SecureFile格式，幸运的是，Oracle 11g提供了两个方法：分区交换和在线重定义。

    1、分区交换

    分区交换载入(Partition Exchange Load，即PDL)有时也叫做分区转动，包含创建一个非分区表，它的格式和内容完全匹配目标分区表想要的分区，一旦原始表创建好了，就可以开始可已经分区的表的目标分区进行交换了，这个方法确实提供了许多好处，换句话说，原始表的本地索引在交换期间得到维护，它可以并行执行，这个方法可以重复多次以填充每个分区，它的主要缺点是接收数据的分区在进行交换时必须离线。

    2、在线重定义

    Oracle推荐使用DBMS_REDEFINITION包对源表和目标表执行在线重定义，因为它实现了分区交换方法相同的目标。但它不需要在重定义过程中将目标离线。在线重定义可以在表级也可以在分区级执行，它也可以同时并行为多个分区执行，我喜欢在线重定义的特性是在这个过程成功执行完毕后，源和目标对象将对真正地在数据库数据目录中转换定义，这意味着任何引用了新对象名的PL/SQL对象都不需要进行任何修改。清单3显示了如何使用TRBTKT.TICKETS表作为源对象，使用TRBTKT.SECURE_TICKETS表作为目标对象进行在线重定义的。从BasicFile LOB转换到SecureFile LOB最后一个注意事项是：一旦转换完成，LOB就不能再降级回到BasicFile LOB了。

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