概述
本文描述了如何建立一个简单的、自定义的用户控件——一个平滑的进度条。
在早先的进度条控件版本中,例如在 Microsoft Windows Common Controls ActiveX 控件中提供的版本,您可以看到进度条有两种不同的视图。您可以通过设定 Scrolling 属性来设定 Standard 视图或是 Smooth 视图。 Smooth 视图提供了一个区域来平滑的显示进度, Standard 试图则看上去是由一个一个方块来表示进度的。
在 Visual C# .NET 中提供的进度条控件只支持 Standard 视图。
本文的代码样例揭示了如何建立一个有如下属性的控件:
Minimum。该属性表示了进度条的最小值。默认情况下是 0 ;您不能将该属性设为负值。
Maximum。该属性表示了进度条的最大值。默认情况下是 100 。
Value。该属性表示了进度条的当前值。该值必须介于 Minimum 和 Maximum 之间。
ProgressBarColor。该属性表示了进度条的颜色。
建立一个自定义的进度条控件
1、按着下面的步骤,在 Visual C# .NET 中建立一个 Windows Control Library 项目:
a、打开 Microsoft Visual Studio .NET。
b、点击 File 菜单,点击 New ,再点击 Project 。
c、在 New Project 对话框中,在 Project Types 中选择 Visual C# Projects,然后在 Templates 中选择 Windows Control Library 。
d、在 Name 框中,填上 SmoothProgressBar ,并点击 OK 。
e、在 Project Explorer 中,重命名缺省的 class module ,将 UserControl1.cs 改为 SmoothProgressBar.cs 。
f、在该 UserControl 对象的 Property 窗口中,将其 Name 属性从 UserControl1 改为 SmoothProgressBar 。
2、此时,您已经从 control 类继承了一个新类,并可以添加新的功能。但是,ProgressBar累是密封(sealed)的,不能再被继承。因此,您必须从头开始建立这个控件。
将下面的代码添加到UserControl模块中,就在“Windows Form Designer generated code”之后:
int min = 0; // Minimum value for progress range int max = 100; // Maximum value for progress range int val = 0; // Current progress Color BarColor = Color.Blue; // Color of progress meter protected override void OnResize(EventArgs e) { // Invalidate the control to get a repaint. this.Invalidate(); } protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e) { Graphics g = e.Graphics; SolidBrush brush = new SolidBrush(BarColor); float percent = (float)(val - min) / (float)(max - min); Rectangle rect = this.ClientRectangle; // Calculate area for drawing the progress. rect.Width = (int)((float)rect.Width * percent); // Draw the progress meter. g.FillRectangle(brush, rect); // Draw a three-dimensional border around the control. Draw3DBorder(g); // Clean up. brush.Dispose(); g.Dispose(); } public int Minimum { get { return min; } set { // Prevent a negative value. if (value < 0) { min = 0; } // Make sure that the minimum value is never set higher than the maximum value. if (value > max) { min = value; min = value; } // Ensure value is still in range if (val < min) { val = min; } // Invalidate the control to get a repaint. this.Invalidate(); } } public int Maximum { get { return max; } set { // Make sure that the maximum value is never set lower than the minimum value. if (value < min) { min = value; } max = value; // Make sure that value is still in range. if (val > max) { val = max; } // Invalidate the control to get a repaint. this.Invalidate(); } } public int Value { get { return val; } set { int oldValue = val; // Make sure that the value does not stray outside the valid range. if (value < min) { val = min; } else if (value > max) { val = max; } else { val = value; } // Invalidate only the changed area. float percent; Rectangle newValueRect = this.ClientRectangle; Rectangle oldValueRect = this.ClientRectangle; // Use a new value to calculate the rectangle for progress. percent = (float)(val - min) / (float)(max - min); newValueRect.Width = (int)((float)newValueRect.Width * percent); // Use an old value to calculate the rectangle for progress. percent = (float)(oldValue - min) / (float)(max - min); oldValueRect.Width = (int)((float)oldValueRect.Width * percent); Rectangle updateRect = new Rectangle(); // Find only the part of the screen that must be updated. if (newValueRect.Width > oldValueRect.Width) { updateRect.X = oldValueRect.Size.Width; updateRect.Width = newValueRect.Width - oldValueRect.Width; } else { updateRect.X = newValueRect.Size.Width; updateRect.Width = oldValueRect.Width - newValueRect.Width; } updateRect.Height = this.Height; // Invalidate the intersection region only. this.Invalidate(updateRect); } } public Color ProgressBarColor { get { return BarColor; } set { BarColor = value; // Invalidate the control to get a repaint. this.Invalidate(); } } private void Draw3DBorder(Graphics g) { int PenWidth = (int)Pens.White.Width; g.DrawLine(Pens.DarkGray, new Point(this.ClientRectangle.Left, this.ClientRectangle.Top), new Point(this.ClientRectangle.Width - PenWidth, this.ClientRectangle.Top)); g.DrawLine(Pens.DarkGray, new Point(this.ClientRectangle.Left, this.ClientRectangle.Top), new Point(this.ClientRectangle.Left, this.ClientRectangle.Height - PenWidth)); g.DrawLine(Pens.White, new Point(this.ClientRectangle.Left, this.ClientRectangle.Height - PenWidth), new Point(this.ClientRectangle.Width - PenWidth, this.ClientRectangle.Height - PenWidth)); g.DrawLine(Pens.White, new Point(this.ClientRectangle.Width - PenWidth, this.ClientRectangle.Top), new Point(this.ClientRectangle.Width - PenWidth, this.ClientRectangle.Height - PenWidth)); } |
if (this.smoothProgressBar1.Value > 0) { this.smoothProgressBar1.Value--; this.smoothProgressBar2.Value++; } else { this.timer1.Enabled = false; } |
this.smoothProgressBar1.Value = 100; this.smoothProgressBar2.Value = 0; this.timer1.Interval = 1; this.timer1.Enabled = true; |