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一个基于API的VB.net串口通讯类

  
  VB.net的串口通讯支持总是让人觉得有所不足,在使用VB6的MsComm32.ocx时,很多人都会在VB.net的开发中觉得很困扰。
  
  这里讲述的VB.net串口通讯类使用native代码,并且它是通API调用实现的,你会发现VB.net的串口通讯就是这么简单。
  
  在说明如何使用这个类前,需要说明的是,本类只是一个VB.net的串口通讯演示,你可能需要根据你的情况修改后使用。另外,本类的目的是通过例子教会你在无需ocx控件和第三方组件的支持下用VB.net开发串口通讯程序,所有并没有完善的异常错误处理。
  
  1.初始化并打开串口
  
  创建一个CRs232类的实例,并在调用Open方法前设置好串口通讯参数。
  
  例:
  
  Dim moRS232 as New Rs232()
  
  With moRs232
  
  .Port = 1                          '// Uses COM1
  
  .BaudRate = 2400                   '// 波特率 2400
  
  .DataBit = 8                        '// 8 data bits
  
  .StopBit = Rs232.DataStopBit.StopBit_1      '// 停止位 1
  
  .Parity = Rs232.DataParity.Parity_None      '// 无奇偶校验
  
  .Timeout = 500                      '//超时时间500 ms
  
  End With
  
  
  '// 初始化并打开串口
  
  moRS232.Open ()
  
  '// 串口打开后,你可以随意地控制DTR/RTS
  
  moRS232.Dtr = True
  
  moRS232.Rts = True
  
  为了处理异常情况,建议你使用Try...Catch。
  
  2.发送数据
  
  本类为Rx和Tx准备了两个缓冲区(buffer),发送数据时,只需要设置TxData属性为你需要发送的数据,然后调用Tx方法就可以了。
  
  例如:
  
  moRS232.TxData = txtTx.Text
  
  moRS232.Tx()
  
  3.接收数据
  
  先调用Rx方法(参数为您需要从串口读取的字节数),然后读取RxData属性。
  
  例如:
  
  moRS232.Rx(10)            '// 从串口通讯缓冲区里读取10字节
  
  Dim sRead as String=moRs232.RxData
  
  需要注意的是,当本类无法用串口读取到所需的字节数,程序线程在超时异常发生前是锁死的,超时时间通过Timout属性设置。
  
  如果你没有指明需要读取的字节数,本类默认使用512字节来读取缓冲区里的数据。
  
  

  版本信息:
  
  Project History
  1st Public release Beta2 (10/08/2001)
  
  Rev.1 (28.02.2002)
  1. Added ResetDev, SetBreak and ClearBreak to the EscapeCommFunction constants
  2. Added the overloaded Open routine.
  3. Added the modem status routines, properties and enum.
  4. If a read times out, it now returns a EndOfStreamException (instead of a simple Exception).
  5.Compiled with VS.Net final
  
  Rev.2 (01.03.2002)
  Added Async support
  
  Rev.3 (07.04.2002)
  Minor bugs fixed
  
  Rev.3a (05/05/2002)
  Fixed BuildCommmDCB problem
  
  Rev.4 (24/05/2002)
  Fixed problem with ASCII Encoding truncating 8th bit
  
  Rev.5 (27/05/2002)
  Added IDisposable / Finalize implementation
  
  Rev.6 (14/03/2003)
  Fixed problem on DCB fields Initialization
  
  Rev.7 (26/03/2003)
  Added XON/XOFF support
  
  Rev.8 (12/07/2003)
  Added support to COM port number greater than 4
  
  Rev.9 (16/07/2003)
  Added CommEvent to detect incoming chars/events(!)
  Updated both Tx/Rx method from Non-Ovelapped to Overlapped mode
  Removed unused Async methods and other stuff.
  
  Rev.10 (21/07/2003)
  Fixed incorrect character handling when using EnableEvents()
  
  Rev.11 (12/08/2003)
  Fixed some bugs reported by users
  
  Rev.12 (01/09/2003)
  Removed AutoReset of internal buffers and added PurgeBuffer() method
  
  Rev.13 (02/09/2003)
  Update internal stuff now using Win32Exception instead of GetLastError+FormatMessage APIs
  
  Rev.14 (14/09/2003)
  Added IsPortAvailable() function (thanks to Tom Lafleur for the hint)
  Revised some API declaration
  Fixed some problems with Win98/Me OS (thanks to Alex Komissarov for the feedback)
  
  Rev.15 (24/09/2003)
  Fixed bug introduced on rev.14 (sorry for that...)
  
  Rev.16 (16/10/2003)
  Added SetBreak/ClearBreak methods for sending break signal over the line.
  
  Rev.17 (02/11/2003)
  Fixed incorrect field on COMMCONFIG Structure.
  
  Rev.18 (03/03/2004)
  Fixed bug causing troubles accessing already in use ports (folks, thanks for the feedback!)
  
  Rev.19 (08/04/2004)
  Fixed bug on DTR property (thanks to Charles-Olivier Théroux)
  
  Rev.20 (12/07/2004)
  CommEvent is no more raised on a secondary thread (please note that this is valid only if event handler is not associated with a static method)
  pEventsWatcher now uses a background thread
  
  Rev.21 (24/10/2004)
  Fixed EscapeCommFunction declaration
  Fixed incorrect Pariti enum entry
  
  Rev.22 (05/03/2005)
  Fixed memory leak causing random program termination without any message.
  Thanks to Ralf Gedrat for testing this scenario.
  
  Rev.23 (05/04/2005)
  Fixed bug DisableEvents not working bug (Thanks to Jean Bédard)
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