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如何解决Linux操作系统找不到网卡的问题

 

1. 安装网卡

机器太新,以至于现有的Linux版本无法认出,比如机器找不到网卡,这时候怎么办呢?

别急,首先你需要知道网卡是什么型号的,以本实验室新购入的电脑为例,它的网卡是集成的,型号是Realtek RTL8168/8111 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet NIC。然后我们到Realtek的官方网站去下载相应的Linux驱动程序r8168-8.005.00.tar.bz2,按照说明安装。

Unpack the tarball :

# tar vjxf r8168-8.aaa.bb.tar.bz2

Change to the directory:

# cd r8168-8.aaa.bb

If you are running the target kernel, then you should be able to do :

# make clean modules (as root or with sudo)

# make install

# /sbin/depmod -a

# /sbin/insmod ./src/r8168.ko (or r8168.o in linux kernel 2.4.x)

You can check whether the driver is loaded by using following commands.

# /sbin/lsmod | grep r8168(看看有没有加载网卡驱动)

# /sbin/ifconfig –a(看看有没有相关网卡被启动的信息)

If there is a device name, ethX, shown on the monitor, the linux

driver is loaded. Then, you can use the following command to activate

the ethX.

# ifconfig ethX up

,where X=0,1,2,...

这里也可以通过系统→管理→网络来设置IP地址等,最后激活。

1. Set manually

a. Set the IP address of your machine.

# ifconfig ethX "the IP address of your machine"

b. Set the IP address of DNS.

Insert the following configuration in /etc/resolv.conf.

nameserver "the IP address of DNS"

c. Set the IP address of gateway.

# route add default gw "the IP address of gateway"

2. Set by doing configurations in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts

/ifcfg-ethX for Redhat and Fedora, or /etc/sysconfig/network

/ifcfg-ethX for SuSE. There are two examples to set network

configurations.

a. Fix IP address:

DEVICE=eth0

BOOTPROTO=static

ONBOOT=yes

TYPE=ethernet

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

IPADDR=192.168.1.1

GATEWAY=192.168.1.254

BROADCAST=192.168.1.255

2. 修改:#vi /etc/hosts,在该文本中,增加两行:

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

192.168.4.101 node3(根据机器本身情况设置)

修改:vi /etc/hosts.equiv,增加一行:(如果没有该文本,可建立一个)

node3

3. 启动ssh服务

大部分的Linux版本应该都会自带该程序

#ssh-keygen

#cd .ssh

#cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys

#ssh node3(如果成功,会显示上次登陆的时间, node3是主机名)

附加信息:

ifup eth0看看能否启动eth0

lsmod看看有没有加载网卡驱动

dmesg看看有没有网卡启动时的错误信息

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