在Oracle中,LOB(Large Object,大型对象)类型的字段现在用得越来越多了。因为这种类型的字段,容量大(最多能容纳4GB的数据),且一个表中可以有多个这种类型的字段,很灵活,适用于数据量非常大的业务领域(如图象、档案等)。而LONG、LONG RAW等类型的字段,虽然存储容量也不小(可达2GB),但由于一个表中只能有一个这样类型的字段的限制,现在已很少使用了。
LOB类型分为BLOB和CLOB两种:BLOB即二进制大型对象(Binary Large Object),适用于存贮非文本的字节流数据(如程序、图象、影音等)。而CLOB,即字符型大型对象(Character Large Object),则与字符集相关,适于存贮文本型的数据(如历史档案、大部头著作等)。
下面以程序实例说明通过JDBC操纵Oracle数据库LOB类型字段的几种情况。
先建立如下两个测试用的数据库表,Power Designer PD模型如下:
建表SQL语句为:
CREATE TABLE TEST_CLOB ( ID NUMBER(3), CLOBCOL CLOB)
CREATE TABLE TEST_BLOB ( ID NUMBER(3), BLOBCOL BLOB)
一、 CLOB对象的存取
1、往数据库中插入一个新的CLOB对象
public static void clobInsert(String infile) throws Exception
{
/* 设定不自动提交 */
boolean defaultCommit = conn.getAutoCommit();
conn.setAutoCommit(false);
try {
/* 插入一个空的CLOB对象 */
stmt.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO TEST_CLOB VALUES ('111', EMPTY_CLOB())");
/* 查询此CLOB对象并锁定 */
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT CLOBCOL FROM TEST_CLOB WHERE ID='111' FOR UPDATE");
while (rs.next()) {
/* 取出此CLOB对象 */
oracle.sql.CLOB clob = (oracle.sql.CLOB)rs.getClob("CLOBCOL");
/* 向CLOB对象中写入数据 */
BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(clob.getCharacterOutputStream());
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(infile));
int c;
while ((c=in.read())!=-1) {
out.write(c);
}
in.close();
out.close();
}
/* 正式提交 */
conn.commit();
} catch (Exception ex) {
/* 出错回滚 */
conn.rollback();
throw ex;
}
/* 恢复原提交状态 */
conn.setAutoCommit(defaultCommit);
}
2、修改CLOB对象(是在原CLOB对象基础上进行覆盖式的修改)
public static void clobModify(String infile) throws Exception
{
/* 设定不自动提交 */
boolean defaultCommit = conn.getAutoCommit();
conn.setAutoCommit(false);
try {
/* 查询CLOB对象并锁定 */
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT CLOBCOL FROM TEST_CLOB WHERE ID='111' FOR UPDATE");
while (rs.next()) {
/* 获取此CLOB对象 */
oracle.sql.CLOB clob = (oracle.sql.CLOB)rs.getClob("CLOBCOL");
/* 进行覆盖式修改 */
BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(clob.getCharacterOutputStream());
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(infile));
int c;
while ((c=in.read())!=-1) {
out.write(c);
}
in.close();
out.close();
}
/* 正式提交 */
conn.commit();
} catch (Exception ex) {
/* 出错回滚 */
conn.rollback();
throw ex;
}
/* 恢复原提交状态 */
conn.setAutoCommit(defaultCommit);
}
3、替换CLOB对象(将原CLOB对象清除,换成一个全新的CLOB对象)
public static void clobReplace(String infile) throws Exception
{
/* 设定不自动提交 */
boolean defaultCommit = conn.getAutoCommit();
conn.setAutoCommit(false);
try {
/* 清空原CLOB对象 */
stmt.executeUpdate("UPDATE TEST_CLOB SET CLOBCOL=EMPTY_CLOB() WHERE ID='111'");
/* 查询CLOB对象并锁定 */
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT CLOBCOL FROM TEST_CLOB WHERE ID='111' FOR UPDATE");
while (rs.next()) {
/* 获取此CLOB对象 */
oracle.sql.CLOB clob = (oracle.sql.CLOB)rs.getClob("CLOBCOL");
/* 更新数据 */
BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(clob.getCharacterOutputStream());
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(infile));
int c;
while ((c=in.read())!=-1) {
out.write(c);
}
in.close();
out.close();
}
/* 正式提交 */
conn.commit();
} catch (Exception ex) {
/* 出错回滚 */
conn.rollback();
throw ex;
}
/* 恢复原提交状态 */
conn.setAutoCommit(defaultCommit);
}
4、CLOB对象读取
public static void clobRead(String outfile) throws Exception
{
/* 设定不自动提交 */
boolean defaultCommit = conn.getAutoCommit();
conn.setAutoCommit(false);
try {
/* 查询CLOB对象 */
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM TEST_CLOB WHERE ID='111'");
while (rs.next()) {
/* 获取CLOB对象 */
oracle.sql.CLOB clob = (oracle.sql.CLOB)rs.getClob("CLOBCOL");
/* 以字符形式输出 */
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(clob.getCharacterStream());
BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(outfile));
int c;
while ((c=in.read())!=-1) {
out.write(c);
}
out.close();
in.close();
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
conn.rollback();
throw ex;
}
/* 恢复原提交状态 */
conn.setAutoCommit(defaultCommit);
}
二、 BLOB对象的存取
1、 向数据库中插入一个新的BLOB对象
public static void blobInsert(String infile) throws Exception
{
/* 设定不自动提交 */
boolean defaultCommit = conn.getAutoCommit();
conn.setAutoCommit(false);
try {
/* 插入一个空的BLOB对象 */
stmt.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO TEST_BLOB VALUES ('222', EMPTY_BLOB())");
/* 查询此BLOB对象并锁定 */
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT BLOBCOL FROM TEST_BLOB WHERE ID='222' FOR UPDATE");
while (rs.next()) {
/* 取出此BLOB对象 */
oracle.sql.BLOB blob = (oracle.sql.BLOB)rs.getBlob("BLOBCOL");
/* 向BLOB对象中写入数据 */
BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(blob.getBinaryOutputStream());
BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(infile));
int c;
while ((c=in.read())!=-1) {
out.write(c);
}
in.close();
out.close();
}
/* 正式提交 */
conn.commit();
} catch (Exception ex) {
/* 出错回滚 */
conn.rollback();
throw ex;
}
/* 恢复原提交状态 */