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DNS配置示例


  DNS Server配置示例:
  
  注: 以上示例文件仅作演示用,于实际内容有所出入,会与实际测试有出入 DNS基础知识请参考本人制作的PowerPoint幻灯片文件,URL同上, 文件名为dns.ppt.
  
  1. 首先应确认你的上级域名服务器已正确指向你的DNS Server, 如我设置的子域为net.dlut.edu.cn,则应在dlut.edu.cn的域名服务器上有到作net.dlut.edu.cn子域名服务器的LINUX机器的的NS记录,以下是在dlut.edu.cn域名服务器相应文件内容:
  (1)BIND 4.9.x的配置文件
  --------------------------/etc/named.boot----------------------
  directory    /etc/namedb
  ;
  primary     dlut.edu.cn       db.dlut
  primary     66.118.202.in-addr.arpa db.202.118.66
  ;
  ;
  primary     0.0.127.in-addr.arpa  localhost.rev
  secondary    net.dlut.edu.cn   202.118.65.1 db.net.dlut
  secondary    65.118.202.in-addr.arpa 202.118.65.1 db.202.118.65
  ;
  ; load the cache data last
  cache      .            named.root 
  
  (2)Bind-8.x 配置文件 /etc/named.conf
  // generated by named-bootconf.pl
  
  options {
      directory "/etc/namedb";
      /*
       * If there is a firewall between you and nameservers you want
       * to talk to, you might need to uncomment the query-source
       * directive below. Previous versions of BIND always asked
       * questions using port 53, but BIND 8.1 uses an unprivileged
       * port by default.
       */
      // query-source address * port 53;
  };
  
  // type  domain        source host/file        backup file
  zone "." {
      type hint;
      file "named.root";
  };
  
  zone "0.0.127.IN-ADDR.ARPA" {
      type master;
      file "localhost.rev";
  };
  
  zone "66.118.202.IN-ADDR.ARPA" {
      type master;
      file "db.202.118.66";
  };
  
  zone "dlut.edu.cn" {
      type master;
      file "db.dlut";
  };
  
  zone "net.dlut.edu.cn" {
      type slave;
      file "db.net.dlut";
      masters {
          202.118.65.1;
      }
  };
  
  zone "65.118.202.IN-ADDR.ARPA" {
      type slave;
      file "db.202.118.65";
      masters {
          202.118.65.1;
      }
  };
  -------------------------/etc/namedb/db.dlut-------------------
  @    IN   SOA   cedrus.dlut.edu.cn. hbwork.dlut.edu.cn.
          99060205 10800 4800 604800 432000 )
          IN   NS   cedrus.dlut.edu.cn.
          IN   NS   gingko.dlut.edu.cn.
          IN   NS   olive.dlut.edu.cn.
          IN   MX   1 gingko.dlut.edu.cn.
  
  localhost    IN   A    127.0.0.1
  cedrus     IN   MX   1 gingko.dlut.edu.cn.
          IN   A    202.118.66.6
  
  linden     IN   A    202.118.66.88
          IN   MX   1 linden.dlut.edu.cn.
  ftp       IN   CNAME  linden.dlut.edu.cn.
  banyan     IN   CNAME  linden.dlut.edu.cn.
  
  gingko     IN   MX   10 gingko.dlut.edu.cn.
          IN   A    202.118.66.8
  mail      IN   CNAME  gingko.dlut.edu.cn.
  
  rose      IN   MX   1 rose.dlut.edu.cn.
          IN   A    202.118.66.5
          IN   A    202.118.69.6
  bbs       IN   CNAME  rose.dlut.edu.cn.
  bbs1      IN   A    202.118.69.6
  
  lib   604800 IN   NS   ns.lib.dlut.edu.cn.
  ns.lib 604800 IN   A    202.118.68.241
  
  net   26000  IN   NS   dns.net.dlut.edu.cn.
          IN   NS   cedrus.dlut.edu.cn.
  dns.net     IN   A    202.118.65.1
          IN   A    202.118.66.13
  
  olive      IN   A    202.118.70.1
          IN   A    202.118.71.1
          IN   A    202.118.66.16
          IN   A    202.118.68.1
          IN   A    202.118.69.1
          IN   MX   1 olive.dlut.edu.cn.
  
  peony      IN   A    202.118.66.18
  www       IN   CNAME  peony.dlut.edu.cn.
  mirror     IN   CNAME  peony.dlut.edu.cn.
      
  
   可通过nslookup 确认是否已正确设定,如下:
  > net.dlut.edu.cn
  Server: cedrus.dlut.edu.cn
  Address: 202.118.66.6
  
  Non-authoritative answer:
  net.dlut.edu.cn nameserver = dns.net.dlut.edu.cn
  net.dlut.edu.cn nameserver = cedrus.dlut.edu.cn
  
  Authoritative answers can be found from:
  dns.net.dlut.edu.cn   internet address = 202.118.65.1
  dns.net.dlut.edu.cn   internet address = 202.118.66.13
  cedrus.dlut.edu.cn   internet address = 202.118.66.6
  
  ** 如果只想作本地的DNS Server或者你与Internet没有连接,可以忽略此步。
  
  2。编辑net.dlut.edu.cn DNS服务器的相应文件,
  (1)Bind 4.9.x /etc/named.boot内容如下,其中以引号开始的内容为注释:
  
  directory  /etc/namedb   ;指定named初始化文件目录,
                 ;最好为一单独文件系统,如
                 ;/var/namedb /usr/local/namedb
  
  ;cache 指向顶级域名服务器列表
  cache   .             root.cache
  
  ;primary 表明是子域net.dlut.edu.cn和反向域65.118.202.IN-ADDR.ARPA
  ;的主域名服务器,其初始化文件分别为/etc/namedb/db.net.dlut和
  ;/etc/namedb/db.202.118.65
  primary  net.dlut.edu.cn      db.net.dlut
  primary  65.118.202.IN-ADDR.ARPA  db.202.118.65
  
  ;本地回环域0.0.127.IN-ADDR.ARPA的主域名服务器
  primary  0.0.127.IN-ADDR.ARPA    localhost.rev
  
  ;子域dlut.edu.cn的备份域名服务器,从域名服务器202.118.66.6(primary
  ; server for domain dlut.edu.cn)和202.118.66.8(secondary server for
  ; domain dlut.edu.cn)申请相关数据,备份文件名为dlut.bak
  ; 如不做备份域名服务器则无须下列行
  secondary dlut.edu.cn 202.118.66.6 202.118.66.8 dlut.bak
  secondary 66.118.202.IN-ADDR.ARPA 202.118.66.6 202.118.66.8 dlut.rev.bak
  
  (2) bind-8.x,可用其提供的namedboot-conf.pl将上面的文件内容转换为bind8所需的named.conf, 其中namedboot-conf.pl在redhat上可以在/usr/doc/bind*/下找到,也可从bind8的代码包中拿到,其用法如下:
  
     $namedboot-conf.pl named.boot > named.conf
  
     将生成的named.conf文件复制到/etc目录下即可。
     
  3.创建文件/etc/namedb/db.net.dlut,可从bind软件包携带的示例文件进行修改而成,文件内容如下:
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  ;
  ; Data file of hostnames in this zone.
  ;
  @    IN   SOA   dns.net.dlut.edu.cn. hbwork.dlut.edu.cn. (
              960072601    ; Serial
              300   ; Refresh - 5 minutes
              60   ; Retry - 1 minute
              38400  ; Expire - 2 weeks
              43200 ) ; Minimum - 12 hours
      IN   NS   ns.net.dlut.edu.cn.
      IN   NS   cedrus.dlut.edu.cn.
  ;  Define localhost
  ;
  localhost        IN   A        127.0.0.1
  
  ns           IN   A        202.118.65.1
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