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AIX 上安装 ORACLE 9.2 EE


  前几天在AIX 4.3.3 和 AIX 5.1 上练习装 ORACLE 9.2 EE,当时遇到了一些问题,遗憾的是忘了记录下来了,呵呵
  还好,现在闲了,仔细想想,回忆了一下,以后再装的时候再记录吧
  不过,如果准备工作作的好的化,其实在AIX 上安装 ORACLE 9.2 是特容易的,呵呵,简直就象在WINDOW 上装,
  后面在AIX 5.1 上的安装过程就是一点问题都没有,严格按照ORACLE的安装文档写的就没问题了,呵呵。
  AIX 4.3.3 上面安装 oracle 9.2 的回忆如下:
  
  1. 检查物理内存:(RAM >= 512 MB)
  # lsattr -El sys0 -a realmem
  realmem 1048576 Amount of usable physical memory in Kbytes False
  #
  我们的是1G,呵呵,够了
  
  2. 检查swap空间:(等于物理内存或者1G,最好大一些)
  # lsps -a
  Page Space Physical Volume Volume Group Size %Used Active Auto Type
  hd6 hdisk0 rootvg 2048MB 1 yes yes lv
  #
  我们的是2G,呵呵
  
  3. 检查磁盘空间,主要注意两点:
  a) 安装9.2 , 主要是存放 ORACLE CODE,这个空间建议在4G左右,或者更大一点。
  b) 另外,安装Oracle的过程中,Oracle Universal Installer 需要大约400M左右的临时空间,可以使用系统默认的/tmp目录,
  也可以自己设置环境变量TMPDIR来指定一个具有足够空间的目录,或者在安装过程中指定一个有足够空间的临时目录
  如:
  TMPDIR=/oratools
  export TMPDIR
  
  一般来说,oracle的安装文件都放在内置盘上,所以,我们需要看看内置盘的空间:
  # lsdev -Cc disk
  hdisk0 Available 40-60-00-4,0 16 Bit LVD SCSI Disk Drive
  hdisk1 Available 14-08-L SSA Logical Disk Drive
  #
  我们看到hdisk0是内置盘,现在确定其大小:
  # lspv hdisk0
  PHYSICAL VOLUME: hdisk0 VOLUME GROUP: rootvg
  PV IDENTIFIER: 000ca13f7ebe3b7e VG IDENTIFIER 000ca13f7ebe3e67
  PV STATE: active
  STALE PARTITIONS: 0 ALLOCATABLE: yes
  PP SIZE: 32 megabyte(s) LOGICAL VOLUMES: 11
  TOTAL PPs: 542 (17344 megabytes) VG DESCRIPTORS: 2
  FREE PPs: 217 (6944 megabytes) HOT SPARE: no
  USED PPs: 325 (10400 megabytes)
  FREE DISTRIBUTION: 108..20..00..00..89
  USED DISTRIBUTION: 01..88..108..108..20
  #
  我们看到,TOTAL 为18G,FREE 为7G,够了,呵呵
  
  4. 检查 OS 的版本,两种方法:
  你可以用oslevel 命令确定当前的AIX 版本,
  # oslevel
  4.3.3.0
  #
  或者你也可以用oslevel -r,确定当前的AIX 版本和ML(the maintenance level of the system):
  # oslevel -r
  4330-09
  #
  这样的结果,类似于用instfix 命令查看当前的ML:
  $ instfix -i | grep ML
    All filesets for 4.3.0.0_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4.3.1.0_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4.3.2.0_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4320-02_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4.3.3.0_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4330-01_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4330-02_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4330-03_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4330-04_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4330-05_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4330-06_AIX_ML were found.
    Not all filesets for 4330-07_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4330-08_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4330-09_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for AIX43ML were found.
  $
  可见,我们的是AIX 4.3.3 ,ML是09的
  
  5. 查看OS 是否为64 bit:
  如果是64 bit位的OS,可以装32 bit 或者64 bit 的oracle 8i ,但是 32 bit的OS 只能装32 bit 的oracle;
  因为oracle 9.2 没有32 bit的,所以,我们必须验证我们的OS 是64位的OS:
  也是有两种方法:
  # locale64
  LANG=C
  LC_COLLATE="C"
  LC_CTYPE="C"
  LC_MONETARY="C"
  LC_NUMERIC="C"
  LC_TIME="C"
  LC_MESSAGES="C"
  LC_ALL=
  #
  或者
  # bootinfo -y
  64
  #
  
  6.看看OS的patch够不够
  Oracle的文档上,对于AIX 4.3.3 要求至少在ML 09 ,并且IY24568, IY25282, IY27614,IY30151这四个patch,实际上
  但是实际上,我们还需要一个IY30927,文档上说这个包仅仅是和CPU的使用效率有关的包,可以不要,但是我安装的经验
  是,一定要,否则会出问题。上述包如果不存在,那么需要到下面的站点download:
  http://techsupport.services.ibm.com/server/fixes
  
  $ instfix -i | grep ML
    All filesets for 4.3.0.0_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4.3.1.0_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4.3.2.0_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4320-02_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4.3.3.0_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4330-01_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4330-02_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4330-03_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4330-04_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4330-05_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4330-06_AIX_ML were found.
    Not all filesets for 4330-07_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4330-08_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for 4330-09_AIX_ML were found.
    All filesets for AIX43ML were found.
  $
  显然,我们的AIX 是4.3.3 ML09
  
  查看某个patch是否安装了:
  # instfix -i | grep IY24568
     All filesets for IY25282 were found
  表示已经有这个patch了
  
  # instfix -i | grep IY30927
     Not all filesets for IY30927 were found.
  表示没有安装IY30927这个patch
  
  7. 特别要说明的是,JAVA是在AIX 4.3.3 的默认安装中是不安装的,需要手工安装
  (在AIX 5.1 就不要手工装了,系统的默认安装就会安装java)
  至少需要JDK1.1.8 ,对应的patch是 IY30886
  如果使用HTTP SERVER,那么就需要JDK1.3.1 ,对应的patch是: IY31033
  下载地址:
  ftp://service.software.ibm.com/aix/efixes/
  
  (如果已经装了这个补丁,会有一个/usr/jdk_base目录,它就是你的JAVA_HOME)
  
  8. 检查是否具备所需的OS package
  AIX 4.3.3 需要下列package:
  bos.adt.base, bos.adt.lib, bos.adt.libm, bos.perf.perfstat
  我们可以使用lslpp pl os_package 命令来查看:
  
  # lslpp -l bos.adt.base
   Fileset Level State Description
   ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Path: /usr/lib/objrepos
   bos.adt.base 4.3.3.77 COMMITTED Base Application Development
                           Toolkit
  # lslpp -l bos.adt.lib
   Fileset Level State Description
   ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Path: /usr/lib/objrepos
   bos.adt.lib 4.3.3.10 COMMITTED Base Application Development
                           Libraries
  # lslpp -l bos.adt.libm
   Fileset Level State Description
   ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Path: /usr/lib/objrepos
   bos.adt.libm 4.3.3.50 COMMITTED Base Application Development
                           Math Library
  #
  
  如果上面需要的patch和packgae没有安装,那么去相应的站点download他们,并使用smit的update all来安装他们。
  安装过程中有时候会出现类似 "这个包已经被安装了或者指定的目录不对" 等错误,这时候,去你指定的目录下面看看,
  如果有.toc文件,我们需要删除它(它是个隐含文件,需要用ls -a 查看),然后重新update all
  
  9. 上面的都做完了以后,reboot机器:
  shutdown -Fr
  
  10. 检查一下刚才的patch和package都有了,现在给oracle划分存储空间
  首先,需要一个地方存放安装文件,假设为/oratools,我们需要进入
  smit- System Storage Management (Physical & Logical Storage)
   -File Systems 或者 -Logical Volume Manager,
   (如果你是个AIX新手,那么你最好就
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